An ectopic pregnancy is one that implants outside the uterus, usually in one of the fallopian tubes. These pregnancies can be life-threatening as the fallopian tubes can rupture from the enlarging pregnancy and cause internal bleeding. While it is not always clear why ectopic pregnancies occur, women most susceptible to them include those with a history of pelvic infection or inflammation, previous abdominal surgery, or a prior ectopic pregnancy.
Ectopic pregnancies often present with pelvic pain, a late or missed period, and occasional vaginal bleeding. Blood hormone and ultrasound tests are used to make the diagnosis in most cases, but often laparoscopy is required to determine the location of the pregnancy. Treatment options include observation alone, the use of laparoscopy or other surgical techniques to remove the pregnancy, or medications that can shrink the developing pregnancy and destroy the tissue. These pregnancies must be terminated and cannot be allowed to progress.
